Mali
Kidal Changes Hands Again: Mali’s Junta, Africa Corps and the Asymmetric Architecture of Symbolic Victory
The Pan-African Paradigm of Territorial Control and Contested Legitimacy In November 2023, Malian troops…
Fifteen Demands, One Signature: How Mali’s Gold Miners Averted a Reckoning
The Pan-African Paradigm of Labor Power in the Extractive Economy Fifteen demands, submitted by…
Fifty Rifles, One Silence: Niger’s Army and the Architecture of an Unwon War
The Pan-African Paradigm of Sovereign Defense and Asymmetric Warfare Two ambushes within eight days,…
A Week of Shelling: JNIM’s Siege of Central Mali
The Pan-African Paradigm of Security Sovereignty and Foreign Patronage Six consecutive nights of shelling…